[Hygienic evaluation of soil pollution in a South Ural agroindustrial region].

The results of soil monitoring the Orenburg Region (from 2003 to 2007) were comparatively analyzed. The structure of soil pollution with gross (vanadium, lead, nickel, chromium, cobalt, manganese, copper, zinc, tin, titanium, boron, molybdenum) and mobile (cobalt, manganese, copper, zinc, chromium, nickel) compounds was revealed. The Orenburg Region's soils experience an anthropogenic load, as evidenced by a two-fold soil clarke excess as described by A. P. Vinogradov. The highest soil pollution has been established in the eastern region that is most industrially developed. The presumable associations with possible pollution sources are outlined. Correlation analysis has revealed the inter-environmental distribution of trace elements in foodstuffs and the population's biological media.

[Problems in the ascertainment of sizes of the control areas of natural gas industrial projects].

The paper reviews the problems in the ascertainment of sizes of the control areas of industrial projects, including those of natural gas industry, and analyzes discrepancies in the normative-legal base. The historical aspects and results of substantiating the safe sizes of control areas for the projects of the Orenburg oil-gas condensate field are presented.

[Comprehensive evaluation of carcinogenic load of development areas in Orenburg]. / Kompleksnaia otsenka kantserogennoi nagruzki selitebnykh territorii goroda Orenburga.

The paper identifies a risk for cancer for the population of Orenburg. Different environmental objects were found to contain 27 carcinogens. The highest proportion of priority carcinogens was recorded in drinking water, the least one was in the snow cover. There was a significant direct correlation between the pollution of soil and that of the ambient air, as well as water and deposited media.

[Hygienic estimation of the levels of chemical substances in the soil of the Orengurg region]. / Gigienicheskaia otsenka soderzhaniia khimichiskikh veshchestv v pochve Orenburgskoi oblasti.

Soil pollution has been comprehensively assessed in the agroindustrial region and its sources were defined. The results of ecological and hygienic assessment of natural and anthropogenic soil pollution suggest that there are increased concentrations of boron, chromium, nickel, and lead and deficient levels of iodine throughout the territory. There are higher levels of metal accumulation in the soil of the Eastern area. Soil pollution with lead, zinc, copper, tin, manganese, chromium, and nickel was higher in the urban area than in rural one, that with vanadium was higher in the rural area. The following 4 types of correlating associations of metals in the soil were identified: cobalt--nickel--chromium; copper--zinc; baron--zirconium; vanadium--manganese--boron.

[Hazard identification and comprehensive evaluation of allergy load on the population of an industrial town]. / Identifikatsiia opasnosti i kompleksnaia gigienicheskaia otsenka allergennoi nagruzki na naselenie promyshlennogo goroda.

The paper presents the results of qualitative and quantitative analyses of air allergenic chemical pollution of the environment of development lands of Orenburg. The pollutants forming an allergic load are identified. Additive exposure to chromium and vanadium was found to be a priority parameter. The main stationary sources of air pollution with chemical allergens in the city were motor-vehicle transport and, to a lesser extent, the open joint-stock company Invertor, the production association Strela, the sleeper-impregnating plant, the gas-processing plant, the joint-stock company Radiator, the furniture factory, and the locomotive-repairing plant. The Industrial District of the city was ascertained to be a highest-risk area. The greatest allergenic load has been recorded in winter months.

[The estimation of the carcinogenic risk in relation to anthropogenic pollution of the atmosphere]. / Otsenka kantserogennogo riska v sviazi s antropogennym zagriazneniem atmosfernogo vozdukha.

The paper assesses an additional risk of aerogenic exposure in the establishment of a poor epidemiological situation in the context of cancer morbidity, which accounts for 2 cases per 1000 individuals in the most polluted area. The analysis made it possible to reveal the areas showing an increased additional cancer risk by individual nosological entities and to determine the directions of hygienic and epidemiological studies.

[Hygienic assessment of the effects of drinking water on the population's health]. / Gigienicheskaia otsenka vliianiia pit'evoi vody na zdorov'e naseleniia

The paper presents the quality of drinking water. The carcinogenic risk of water and the coefficient of its toxic effect were calculated. The findings determine the priority of the pollutants detected in the drinking water, estimate the carcinogenic risk of water to be 1.4 per 10,000 population. It is recommended to revise specifications for the drinking water of dichloromethane, dichloroethylene, dioctyl phthalate and acrylonitrile.

[Role of environmental factors of an industrial city in the etiology of cardiovascular diseases in children]. / Rol' faktorov okruzhaiushchei sredy promyshlennogo goroda v formirovanii serdechno-sosudistoi patologii u detei.

The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among 2840 children aged 6 to 15 years and 7000 neonates in two Orenburg districts was studied. High environmental pollution in one of the study districts promotes the high spread of cardiovascular diseases among children.

[Contribution of physical factors to the complex anthropogenic load in an industrial town]. / Vklad fizicheskikh faktorov v kompleksnuiu antropogennuiu nagruzku promyshlennogo goroda.

The paper provides evidence for the increasing significance of noise and electromagnetic fields. The correlation coefficients between urban noise and the incidence of digestive diseases were found to be 0.84, those between noise and complication pregnancy were 0.83, those between noise perinatal pathology was 0.79, those between electromagnetic exposure (EME) and neuropsychopathy, EME and cataract, and EME and circulatory disorders were 0.71, 0.91, and 0.78, respectively.

[Ecologic and epidemiologic analysis of allergies in children in Orenburg]. / Ekologo-épidemiologicheskii analiz allergicheskikh zabolevanii u detei Orenburga.

Results of study of relationship between the incidence of allergic diseases in children and the level of atmospheric air pollution in Orenburg are presented. Data of research in 1988-1993 has shown a trend to increase of atmospheric pollution by NO2, H2S, and formaldehyde. Allergic morbidity was 121.38 per 1000 children.